Evaluation of root-end preparation with two different ultrasonic tips

Abstract

Introduction The development of new instruments, materials and techniques has significantly enhanced the treatment outcome in periapical surgery. In order to obtain a better prognosis, a good apical cavity must be accomplished. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time requirements and features apical cavity preparation performed with different ultrasonic tips from CVDentUS®: model TOF-2 and a prototype tip. Materials and methods Thirty-two freshly extracted single-rooted teeth were selected, cleaned, mechanically prepared, obturated. After apicoectomy, teeth were randomly divided into group 1 (TOF-2 tip) and group 2 (prototype tip), and the root-end cavity preparation was performed according the group. The preparation time was recorded. Photomicrographs taken before and after apical preparation were coded and evaluated by two examiners. They assessed: the number, type and location of root surface cracking; the quality of root end cavity margins; and the presence of debris. Statistical analysis was carried out with Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and binomial tests and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, using a software package (SPSS). Results Three types of microcracks were observed: intracanal, extracanal and intradentine. There was a significant difference among TOF-2 and prototype tips regarding the number of microcracks after apical preparation. There was also a statistical significant difference regarding the location of cracks – 87% were observed in the widest part of the root. No significant differences were found regarding “marginal integrity”, “quality walls” and mean instrumentation time between the two groups. Conclusion In conclusion, the best results were obtained when TOF-2 tip was used for root-end cavity preparation. Good “marginal integrity” and “quality walls” can be achieved with both tips tested.